ADHD Medication List - Stimulants
Stimulants increase the levels of two brain chemicals, norepinephrine and dopamine. They include the methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta, Focalin) and amphetamines (Adderall, Dexedrine, Vyvanse).
Tricyclics, a more traditional class of antidepressants, are also prescribed by doctors to treat ADHD. These medications can have serious adverse effects. Doctors typically only prescribe them when stimulants do not work or cause intolerable symptoms.
Stimulants
Stimulants are the most frequently used medications to treat ADHD in both adults and children. They are effective by increasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in your brain. This improves concentration, reduces fatigue, and reduces impulsivity and hyperactivity in the majority of people who take these drugs. Stimulants can aid 70% to 80% of people with ADHD improve their performance. These drugs don't become habit-forming when taken in the doses prescribed to treat ADHD. However, they can be abused and cause addiction. If you have a history of addiction to alcohol or drugs, or those from a family of mental health or substance abuse issues could be at greater risk.
The most commonly used stimulants to treat ADHD are methylphenidates and amphetamines. Generics are less expensive than brand-name medications and are preferred by a majority of insurance companies. Some of these medicines are offered in extended-release tablets which can be taken once a week and last up to 16 hours. This could result in less "ups-and-downs" of symptoms. This is especially helpful for children.
Immediate-release (short-acting) stimulants begin working within 30 to 45 minutes. They generally last for around four hours. You can take them two or three times a day. They are usually the first medication your doctor prescribes. Some of them are available as chewable tablets, liquid or a patch to be placed on the skin.
Intermediate and long-acting stimulants are typically taken every day in the morning. They can last for up to 16 hours. They can help prevent the high levels of effectiveness that occur after the short-acting stimulation has slowed down and can cause extreme hunger and low levels of energy. Many people who take long-acting stimulants supplement them by taking a small amount of immediate-release medication during the afternoon and evening.
There are many possible negative effects that can be triggered by using stimulants for ADHD. adhd medications for adults include nausea, headaches nervousness, lack of appetite and sleepiness. Most of these side effects are mild to moderate and go away after a few weeks as your body adjusts. If the side effects continue or are severe, consult your doctor.
Non-stimulants
There's a class of drugs that are sometimes used to treat ADHD, although they're not FDA-approved for this purpose. These medications are known as non-stimulant ADHD medications and include atomoxetine (Strattera) as well as varenicline (Adderall XR) and bupropion (Wellbutrin). These medications are less likely to be misused than stimulants but can still cause insomnia, agitation, or anxiety.
Talk to your doctor about how you assess the risks and benefits of each treatment option. Your doctor will take into account your medical history, symptoms, and any other medical conditions or illnesses that you may be suffering from. They will also take into consideration how each medication affects your child or you and how it interacts with other treatments. You'll need to inform your doctor about any food or drinks that you or your child take and whether you're taking other medications, whether prescription or over the counter including antidepressants.