ADHD Medications For Adults
Adults are the most likely to use stimulants as ADHD medications. Long-acting stimulants, such as methylphenidate or lisdexamfetamine are preferred over shorter-acting ones.
Atomoxetine may be prescribed to those who are unable or unwilling to take methylphenidate or Lisdexamfetamine. It increases the amount of noradrenaline that is present in brain cells, which assists with concentration and regulating the impulsive behavior.
Stimulants
Adults with ADHD are most commonly treated by stimulants. They improve focus, control an impulsive behaviour and decrease anxiety. They work by increasing and balancing the levels of chemicals known as neurotransmitters within the brain. Amphetamines as well as methylphenidate are the most commonly used stimulants. They come in liquid, tablet or chewable forms. Short-acting stimulants kick in within 30 to 45 minutes and last approximately three hours. Intermediate-release tablets last longer, between six and eight hours. Long-acting capsules and tablets taken once a day last for up to 16 hours.
Stimulation can cause adverse effects like trouble sleeping (a racing mind) and headaches, jitters and stomach upset. It can also increase the heart rate or blood pressure which is a risk if you already have heart problems.
Adults suffering from ADHD may find relief through other medications and therapies that address their specific symptoms. These include nonstimulants as well as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and various other drugs.
Nonstimulant medicines work differently than stimulants for those suffering from ADHD. see this may take longer to kick in however, it is generally well-tolerated. Healthcare professionals often pair it with stimulants to increase the effects and reduce side effects.
The main nonstimulant medicines for adults with ADHD are norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors or alpha-2 adrenergic agonists. These drugs increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels within the brain to improve concentration and manage an impulsive behaviour. They're not as fast-acting as stimulants, and may be less effective, but they could be better for certain individuals.
Many people suffering from ADHD report that lifestyle changes, such as having enough sleep and sustaining the same routine, may reduce their symptoms. A healthy diet is also essential. People suffering from ADHD must follow healthy, balanced meals and avoid foods high in sugar, fats or artificial ingredients.
Psychotherapy (talk therapy) is a great option for adults suffering from ADHD as it can help them learn to manage their behavior and cope with stress and anger. Individual therapy can also help with emotional issues like low self-esteem, feelings of shame or embarrassment related to previous failures at the workplace or at school.
Counseling for families and couples can also help those who suffer from ADHD. It can help them learn techniques to improve communication and problem solving as well as help with relationship difficulties that might cause the disorder.
People with both ADHD and anxiety may benefit from cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) that can help change negative thinking patterns and enhance social skills. This type of therapy can be conducted in person with a therapist, but it can also be delivered online via video chat software such as Skype.
Other methods that people with ADHD use to help manage their condition include supplements to their diet like omega-3 fatty acids, coenzyme Q10 and the elimination of certain foods from their diets. However, these strategies do not have a strong scientific basis and shouldn't be undertaken without medical advice. Cutting out foods can also cause harm to your overall health, especially if certain nutrients are lacking. If you suffer from both ADHD and anxiety, it's a good idea to seek treatment for both conditions at the same time.